THE ALLIES PLEDGED 



TO A 



UNITED STATES OF EUROPE 



CONTENTS 

Page. 

Official Statements 3-8 

Probable Details of the International Constitution 9—15 

The Necessary Mechanism I5 _ i7 

Summary and Conclusion as to World Peace 17-22 

Expert Opinion 22-30 

Anthem to the World State 30 

Answer to an Objection 31 



BY 

GEORGE H. SHIBLEY 

Director of The Research Institute, Washington, D. C. 



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THE ALLIES PLEDGED 

TO A 

UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 



Chapter I. 

OFFICIAL STATEMENT. 

Few people realize that the Allies are determined that this 
fearful War of Nations shall be the last vast war that is to be 
permitted to crucify men and women upon this planet. In 
some strange way this openly stated attitude of the Allies has 
not become generally known. Here are some of the facts. 

Treaty of September 5, 19 14. 

Five weeks after the outbreak of the war the governments 
of Great Britain, France, and Russia declared: 

"The British, French, and Russian Governments mutually 
engage not to conclude peace separately during the present war. 
The three governments agree that when terms of peace come to 
be discussed no one of the Allies will demand terms of peace 
without the previous agreement of each of the other Allies." 

Later this treaty was agreed to by Japan and Serbia. 

After this formal treaty was signed the Prime Ministers in 
Great Britain and in France declared their government's atti- 
tude. Mr. Asquith in a speech at the Guildhall, London, 
November 9, 19 14, stated more explicitly than he had yet done 
the following: 

Attitude of the Allies. 

"We shall never sheathe the sword which we have not lightly 
drawn until Belgium recovers in full measure all, and more than 
all, that she has sacrificed, until France is adequately secured 
against the menace of aggression, until the rights of the smaller 

3 



4 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

nationalties of Europe are placed upon an unassailable founda- 
tion, and until the military domination of Prussia is wholly and 
finally destroyed." 

Here are four very important propositions. 

At the assembling of the French Parliament, December 22, 
1 914, M. Viviani, the French Premier, in the ministerial declara- 
tion read to the chamber, said : 

"Since, in spite of their attachment to peace, France and her 
Allies have been obliged to endure war, they will wage it to the 
end. Faithful to the signature which she set to the Treaty of 
September 4 last, in which she engaged her honour — that is to 
say, her life — France, in accord with her Allies, will not lay down 
her arms until she has avenged outraged right, regained for- 
ever the provinces torn from her by force, restored to heroic 
Belgium the fullness of her material prosperity and her political 
independence, and broken Prussian militarism, so that on the 
basis of justice she may rebuild a regenerated Europe." 

It is clear that both the French and the British Governments 
are agreed that Prussian militarism shall be broken, and the 
British assert that it must be "wholly and finally destroyed." 

HOW CAN THE MILITARY DOMINATION OF PRUSSIA BE WHOLLY 
AND FINALLY DESTROYED? THE ONLY PRACTICABLE WAY IS 
TO ESTABLISH A UNIFIED POWER AMONG THE COUNTRIES NOW 
AT WAR, TO BE LIMITED AT THE START TO THE MAINTENANCE 

OF permanent peace based on justice. This is quite plainly 
stated in a speech by the British Prime Minister on September 
25, 1 914, three weeks after the consummation of the treaty 
between the Allies. Mr. Asquith said: 

" I should like, beyond this inquiry into causes and motives, to 
ask your attention and that of my fellow-countrymen to the end 
which, in this war, we ought to keep in view. 
£ f n *? Forty-four years ago, at the time of the war of 
States ot iSyo, Mr. Gladstone used these words. He said: 
fcurope. 'The greatest triumph of our time will be the 

enthronement of the idea of public right as the governing idea 
of European politics.' Nearly fifty years have passed. Little 



OFFICIAL STATEMENTS. 5 

progress, it seems, has as yet been made towards that good and 
beneficent change, but it seems to be now at this moment as 
good a definition as we can have of our European policy — the 
idea of public right. What does it mean when translated into 
concrete terms? It means first and foremost, the clearing of 
the ground by the definite repudiation of Militarism as the 
governing factor in the relations of States and of the future 
moulding of the European world. It means next that room 
must be found and kept for the independent existence and the 
free development of the smaller nationalities, each with a cor- 
porate consciousness of its own. Belgium, Holland, and Switz- 
erland and Scandinavian countries, Greece and the Balkan 
States — they must be recognized as having exactly as good a 
title as their powerful neighbours, more powerful in strength 
and in wealth, 'to a place in the sun.' And it means finally, 
or it ought to mean, perhaps, by a slow and gradual process, 
the substitution of force, for the class of competing ambition, 
for groupings and alliances and a precarious equipoise, OF a real 
European partnership based on the recognition of equal 
rights, and established and enforced by a common will. 
[The United States of Europe.] A year ago that would have 
sounded like a Utopian idea. It is probably one that may not, 
or will not be realized either to-day or to-morrow. But when 
this war is decided in favor of the Allies it will at once 
come within the range and before long within the grasp 
of European statesmanship." 

Inasmuch as the object of the international government will 
at the start be limited to the maintenance of peace, the name 
may well be The Peace Council of Europe. 

Three days after the Liberal leader had declared the Govern- 
ment's position, the following statement was made by the Con- 
servative leader, Mr. Bonar Law : 

"We have no desire to humiliate the German people, but we 
are determined that this war, with all the cruel suffering which 
it has entailed and will entail, shall not be fought in vain. We 
are determined that in our time and in that of our children 

NEVER AGAIN SHALL THAT DREAD SPECTRE WHICH HAS HAUNTED 
US LIKE A NIGHTMARE, HAVE POWER TO FRIGHTEN. We have 

put our hand to the plough, and we will not turn back until we 



6 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

have made sure that the law not of might but of right, that the 
law not of force but of humanity and justice, is THE law which 
MUST GOVERN THE WORLD." 

To the same effect is a statement by the former Conservative 
leader, Mr. Balfour. In an address on December 12, last year, 
he said : 

"Are the powerful always going to trample on the weak? 
Is the fate of the small nations always to be a miserable fate? 
To me, and I believe to all men of English speech, wherever they 
live, to whatever nation they may belong, it seems that the 
future of our race — the international future of our race — lies 
in, so far as possible, spreading wide the grip and power of 

INTERNATIONAL LAW, OF RAISING MORE AND MORE THE DIGNITY 
OF TREATIES BETWEEN STATES, MORE AND MORE STRIVING THAT 

controversies between states — those small causes of friction 
which arise between different Governments, as they arise in any 
community between different individuals — should be decided 
not by the sword, but by arbitration. That is the ideal 
which we hold. That is the ideal which we wish to see grow 
in all parts of the world. That is the ideal which, with every 
contumely, every mark of contempt and derision, the Germans 
trample under foot both in theory and in practice." 

Thus in Great Britain both the Liberal and the Conservative 
parties are agreed in standing for a real remedy for militarism 
and war — the unification of Europe and of the world on ques- 
tions of international right and justice. 

This is what the British Liberal Government stood for in 
1907 at the Second Hague Conference, and with it were 32 other 
governments. They voted to submit all international disputes 
to Compulsory Arbitration except questions affecting inde- 
pendence, honor, or vital interest. Standing with the British 
Liberal Government (dating from 1 906) was the French Liberal 
Government (dating from 1900), the Russian Government and 
29 other governments including those of Spain, Portugal, 
Holland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and the United States of 
America. Opposed was the German Government (threatened 



OFFICIAL STATEMENTS. 7 

by the Socialists), the Austro- Hungarian and the Italian Gov- 
ernments (both threatened by the Socialists), and 9 other gov- 
ernments, namely, Bulgaria, Roumania, Montenegro, Greece 
(all four looking for relief from Turkey), Turkey, Switzer- 
land, Belgium, Luxembourg, and Japan. Italy, Japan and Lux- 
embourg abstained from voting and, therefore, were against the 
proposition. Doubtless the reason why Switzerland, Belgium 
and Luxembourg refused to vote for the system was that it was 
Second certain that the proposal would fail of receiving 

Hague a unanimous vote and so would not carry. It 

Conference, was Germany's opposition that set the pace and 
1907. defeated the proposal. In the words of Dr. 

James Brown Scott, in his history of this conference : 

"Weeks of discussion failed to overcome the opposition of 
Germany and its slender following. . . . Germany has not been 
an exponent of arbitration ; its triumphs, leaving aside literature, 
science and philosophy, have been upon the battlefield. It 
realized the hopes of centuries in a united German nation, not 
in the study, but in the field, and, surrounded as it is by powerful 
and aggressive neighbours, it is determined to hold by the sword 
that which the sword has won. It is seemingly unwilling to 
intrust its interests to the world at large, and it claims and exer- 
cises the right to form its judgment untrammeled by treaty or 
public opinion. The 'era of blood and iron' is not yet past." 
(Vol. i, 128.) 

It is clear that in the year of our Lord 1907 the only thing that 
stood in the way of the establishment of International Govern- 
ment for the attainment of permanent peace and disarmament 
was the Conservative German Government — the rule of the 
Few, but it was threatened by a revolutionary element entirely 
different from that which had come into power in France and 
England. In these two countries the Liberal Governments are 
basically different from the proposed Socialist Government for 
Germany and for Austria-Hungary. 

Equally important is the fact that in 1 907 the Triple Entente, 
Great Britain, France and Russia, stood for the establishment 



8 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

of permanent peace and disarmament. The Russian Govern- 
ment proposed disarmament in its call for the First Hague 
Conference, and at the second of these conferences, in 1907, the 
proposition was expressly voted for by the Liberal Governments 
in France, Great Britain, the United States, Argentina and 
Chili. 

Stated in other words, in 1907, Great Britain, France and Rus- 
sia stood for permanent peace and disarmament. The Russian 
Government proposed disarmament in 1898 in its call for the 
First Hague Conference, and in 1 907 disarmament was expressly 
voted by the French and the British Governments and sev- 
eral others, but as it was known that the plan would not be 
accepted by the Triple Alliance, the Russian Government did 
not express itself. Since the outbreak of the War of Nations 
the French and the Russian Governments are unquestionably 
of the same opinion as in 1907 that permament peace and dis- 
armament should be established. This is evidenced by the 
reiterated statement by the British Government that one of 
the terms of peace must be the complete removal of the meance 
of Prussian Militarism (page 11, below), and the fact that the 
treaty between the Allies of September 5, 19 14, provides that 
"The three governments agree that when terms of peace come 
to be discussed no one of the Allies will demand terms of peace 
without the previous agreement of the other Allies." Therefore 
we can say in truth that the Allies are pledged to abolish 
war. That is a fact of tremendous importance. Very few 
people realize it. The recognition of this fact puts an end to 
the validity of the argument that should the Allies win it would 
continue Britain's lordship of the seas. On the contrary, it 
would result in the formation of the United States of Europe 
and of the World, wherein all nations would be assured equal 
rights upon the seas and in all the straits and other public 
waters. 



DETAILS OF INTERNATIONAL CONSTITUTION. 



Chapter II. 

PROBABLE DETAILS OF THE INTERNATIONAL 
CONSTITUTION. 

In Europe the Allies are planning the details of the pro- 
posed Constitution of the United States of Europe, to apply at 
the start to the countries now at war. Inasmuch as the consti- 
tution will necessarily include a description of the fundamental 
rights of the contracting parties, the national states, it must 
include the following fundamental rights : 

Fundamental International Rights. 

i. Equal rights. This principle is the basis of justice. 

2. The right to home rule. The self-interest of each of the 
contracting parties will cause them to thus mark out this vital 
right. Home rule is the right of a state to regulate its own 
domestic affairs, which includes the determination of who shall 
be permitted to come within its borders; who shall become citi- 
zens and voters; and regulation of the rules governing the 
import and export of products. 

3. The right to free and equal use of the high seas, together 
with equal rights in trade routes, such as the straits and channels, 
and the Suez canal. 

4. The right to reduce armament without limit. 

These are some of the rights that will be marked out for each 
state in Europe. 

Protection from the Revolutionary Socialists. 

It may be that the constitution of the United States of 
Europe will contain a guaranty against revolution by Socialists. 
The people of Europe as a whole may decide that their combined 
power shall be used against the attempt that is being made in 
every country in Europe to place the wage-earners in power as 
a class to the end that the Government shall confiscate all private 



10 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

property, after which every individual shall be obliged to work 
in the particular place that the Government shall specify. 

The opposite system is being applied by the Liberal Parties 
in France, Great Britain, Scandinavia, and other countries. 

The German and Austro-Hungarian Governments would 
doubtless be glad to agree to peace terms that shall include this 
guaranty against revolution by the Socialists provided other 
parts of the proposed settlement be not too harsh. The fact 
is that the power of the German Allies is so great that their 
opponents may well consider the advisability of agreeing to stop 
the war on condition that each side shall pay its own debts, and 
that each subject race shall become free. This latter point is 
treated quite fully in a subsequent chapter. 

Extent of the Loss of Independence. 

The formation of the United States of Europe will mean for the 
several states something of a loss of independence. This will 
consist in — 

i. The establishment of the principle that the settlement of 
disputes between states must either be in accordance with a 
general system provided in the constitution or one mutually 
agreed to. Peaceful settlement will be insisted upon. 

2. The possibility of building up huge armaments will no 
longer exist. 

3. The organization will be one wherein a state will not be 
permitted to withdraw. It will be "an indestructible Union of 
indestructible states," the same as is our American Union. 
Each of the states in the United States of Europe will have to 
submit to the reign of real international law; that is, submit to 
whatever law the United States of Europe shall enact. 

These three illustrations show some of the ways whereby 
each of the leading national states in Europe would lose some of 
its independence. It would be similar to the loss of liberty 
which each person gladly accepts when living in a commonwealth 
among other people. Each is limited by the like liberties of all. 



DETAILS OF INTERNATIONAL CONSTITUTION. 11 

And the rules of conduct are mutually agreed to. An Anarchist 
is one who refuses to submit to these human laws, declaring 
that he will be limited only by his own will. Such an individual 
is compelled to submit to the mutually necessary laws. And 
now the Allies propose that the two Military States of 
Europe, ruled by those who were threatened by the Socialists 
with confiscation of their property and possible death, shall be 
made to submit to such international law of the United States 
of Europe as shall mutually be agreed upon, to include, probably, 
protection from the Socialists, but no protection from the Liberal 
parties. The ruling power in Germany and in Austria-Hungary 
was repeatedly given an opportunity to agree to give up the idea 
of conquest and it refused (pages 7-8), being hard pressed by the 
Socialists ; now, as the result of a most horrible war, they doubt- 
less will be compelled to enter into permanent peace and dis- 
armament—the establishment of the United States of Europe, 
in which their loss of independence will be no greater than that 
of the other states. In addition, they are likely to receive a 
guaranty of protection from the Socialists. 

According to a statement by the British Prime Minister on 
July 2i, 19 1 5, there is no change in the Government's attitude. 
This was reiterated unofficially on September 3, 19 15, the day 
after Cardinal Gibbons called on President Wilson in behalf of 
peace. On September 4 "the London press almost without 
exception indorsed the attitude of the Government that there 
must be no peace with Germany until the menace of 'Prussian 
Militarism' is removed." Thus the issue is squarely joined. 
The Allies are pledged to abolish war in Europe, and after this 
is accomplished then will be formed the United States of the 
World. 

Definiteness of the Proposed International Law. 

One feature of the forthcoming United States of Europe will 
be the fact that a written constitution will mark out the funda- 
mental rights of the several states. This will greatly simplify 



12 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

and make clear their relationship. At present the stronger of 
the nations are prone to stretch their claims in order to get 
what does not rightfully belong to them. It is part of the 
robber spirit, to be effectually curbed only by the formation of 
the United States of Europe, the written constitution to in- 
clude a statement of the mutual rights of the several states, 
and to be backed by the united power of all to compel peaceful 
submission thereto. 

More Practicable than Compulsory Arbitration. 

This system is vastly more practicable than Compulsory Arbi- 
tration. That system of itself does not include the definite 
marking out of the mutual rights of the states until after dis- 
putes shall have arisen. But by marking out definitely the 
international rights there will no longer be the objection to 
compulsory peaceful settlement of international disputes which 
formerly applied. 

Furthermore, in place of the provision for a board of arbitra- 
tors, who are not governed by definitely stated rules of justice, 
and who are inclined to be swayed by personal ties, there will 
be provided a regularly constituted court of experts who will 
be sworn to apply to the settlement of international disputes a 
body of definitely stated principles. This is the juristic system 
as distinguished from arbitration. 

Up-to-date People's Rule. 
Of even more importance than are these two improvements, 
exceedingly great as they are, will be the benefits derived if 
there is established an up-to-date system of People's rule in con- 
nection with the international government. The self-interest 
of the people — the voters — is such that they are the ones with 
whom should reside the final power. No longer can it rightfully 
be said that the facts in connection with controverted points 
cannot be gotten to them, and that there is no way whereby 
they can express their will. Some of the particulars of the im- 
proved methods are stated in the next chapter. 



DETAILS OF INTERNATIONAL CONSTITUTION. 13 

A Practicable Plan. 
Enough of the details have been given to show that the plan 
for a United States of Europe is practicable. Every objection 
that can be urged is fallacious. If it be said that a self-respect- 
ing national state should insist on reserving to itself the deter- 
mining of questions of honor and of vital interest, the answer is 
that that principle is precisely what each individual Anarchist 
insists upon, and that there is much more reason why the people 
of the world should insist that State Anarchists be controlled 
than that individual anarchists shall be controlled. Each inde- 
pendent state has been saying that it will do as it chooses pro- 
vided it is strong enough, just as individual anarchists have 
refused to be bound by human law; but a time has arrived when 
the system has become so hurtful that the British Liberal 
Government is saying that it must cease in Europe, and the rest 
of the Allies are agreed (page 8, above). Just as individuals in 
human society are obliged to give up some of their independence, 
so must the states of Europe give up a portion of their inde- 
pendence; that is, give up their power to declare war and be 
obliged to live henceforth amid the reign of International Law, 
peaceably and without costly armament. At the start the inter- 
national regulations thus impressed upon each portion of Europe 
will be limited, doubtless, to the maintaining of peace. The 
plan is thoroughly practicable. In fact, the conditions have 
become such that it is now inconceivable that the Allies will 
again consent to live among State Anarchists— states armed 
to the utmost extent of which they are capable, ready to spring 
at each others' throats. 

After the United States of Europe is formed the time will be 
ripe for the final step in the attainment of world peace, the estab- 
lishment of The Peace Council of the World— the United States 
of the World, the World State or Federation of the World. 

Weakness in the Taft Plan. 
Former President Taft, now of Yale University, is President 
of the American Branch of the League to Enforce Peace. The 



14 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

organization was formed at Philadelphia, June, 191 5. Invi- 
tations had been extended to certain leading men and no 
responded. The plan adopted was as framed by the ones who 
called the meeting. 

There are four main points in the plan advocated by this 
organization : 

1. It is -said that some questions exist which no nation is in 
honor bound to have decided in any other way than by its own 
will. In the language of the old-style diplomacy, some cases 
are non-justiciable. 

2. It is said that the basis of future world peace must continue 
to be Treaties. "We cannot," says Mr. Taft, "give up treaties 
because sometimes broken." 

3. It is said that war must still be legally possible after certain 
procedure shall have been gone through with. 

4. That in order to compel submission to the procedure 
proposed before going to war a League to Enforce Peace is sug- 
gested. 

The weakness in this plan is that it would leave the national 
states Independent, so that each would still be an Anarchist. 
Accordingly the various states would still be required to endure 
the heavy expense of armaments. 

This distinction is of vast importance. Under the Taft plan 
the world for the next few years, at least, would become two 
immense military camps, one being that of the German Allies and 
Turkey, the other the rest of the world; whereas under the 
United States of Europe and of the World, each nation would 
be obliged to at once cease the manufacture of munitions of 
war except for internal police duty, and leave to the International 
Government, directly under the control of the People and their 
Representatives, the enforcement of peaceful settlement of 
international disputes. Under this latter system a sense of 
security would at once come about, the same as exists between 
the 48 states of our American Union. Our states are not armed 
except for internal police duty nor will the rest of the world be 



THE MECHANISM OF THE PEOPLE'S RULE. 15 

when the Federal System is extended as it should be. That 
event is sure to take place some time and the correct thing 
to do is to at once take the needed next step! Fortunately 
the Allies are equal to the need. In the words of the British 
Prime Minister, We stand for "a real European partnership 
based on the recognition of Equal Rights, and established and 
enforced by a Common Will" — the United States of Europe! 

Furthermore, only through the establishment of an Inter- 
national Government can freedom of the Slavs in Austria- 
Hungary and in Germany, and freedom of the Hungarians be 
brought about, as will appear in a subsequent chapter. 

Lastly — and this is vitally important — in connection with the 
United States of Europe there can be established an effective 
protection from the delusions of the Socialists. 



Chapter III. 
THE UP-TO-DATE MECHANISM OF THE PEOPLE'S 

RULE. 

During recent years in the more advanced countries or com- 
munities numerous developments have taken place in the mech- 
anism through which the People rule. These improvements in 
the mechanism make more effective the ruling power upon our 
earth. Among the new devices are the following: 

While the people because they are widely separated through- 
out the earth's surface must act very largely through Representa- 
tives, yet by means of the establishment in themselves of a 
veto power through the Referendum, and a power of direct 
legislation through the Initiative, coupled with the establish- 
ment in themselves of a right to instruct through the Advisory 
Referendum and the Advisory Initiative, the final power on all 
important political questions can be lodged in the voters. In other 
words, the mechanism of popular government has developed to 
the point where, should it be applied in the International Gov- 
ernment in Europe and throughout the World, the voters in the 



16 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

several nations can give specific instructions to their Peace Counsel- 
lors whenever it is thought best (using the Advisory Referendum or 
the Advisory Initiative), and can pass on questions referred to 
them by the Peace Council itself (using the Referendum), and can 
directly pass on questions proposed by a given percentage of the 
voters (using the Initiative). This is in addition to the more 
easily operated system of instructions by the directly elected rep- 
resentatives in the National Parliaments or Lower Houses, and 
the exercise by them of the right to recall Peace Counsellors. 

Each question can thus be separated out and the arguments of 
the opposing leaders can be placed before the voters by means 
of Government Publicity Pamphlets. Thus it is practicable to 
at once establish a system wherein the people cannot be prevented 
from receiving the statements of the several political leaders. 

This system of government is an application of the law of 
Agency; a personal relationship which every adult being is 
permitted to apply in his personal affairs, and certainly should 
be applied in the cooperative affairs of the people of all the world. 

A precedent for the establishment of a real agency between 
the people and their representatives is the people's successful 
prosecution of their war for liberty in the Thirteen 
'American Colonies, 1776 to 1783. The final 
power resided in the voters at all times. The members of the 
Continental Congress were subject to instructions and subject 
to recall by the Legislatures, while each member of the Legisla- 
ture was subject to binding instructions by the voters in his 
district. Thus the Continental Congress was firmly held 

TO THE PEOPLE'S INTERESTS EVEN THOUGH THE MONEYED INTER- 
ESTS IN THIS COUNTRY WERE LARGELY TORIES. 

The fundamental principle is that the Voters shall actually 
rule, with no make-believe about it. 



WORLD PEACE IS PRACTICABLE. 1/ 

Chapter IV. 

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION AS TO WORLD 
PEACE. 

In Chapter I the evidence shows that the Allies are pledged 
to abolish war. The evidence in Chapter II shows that in the 
proposed United States of Europe, limited at the start to the 
people now at war, the Allies are not to receive any special 
privilege but are to come in on a par with the other states. The 
evidence in Chapter III demonstrates that a United States of 
Europe will be practicable if the final power is placed in the 
people — the voters, those who in case of war must go to the front. 
It is not enough that Representatives shall control the United 
States of Europe. 

What objections are there to this proposed United States of 
Europe, the functions of which are to be limited at the start to 
the establishment of Permanent Peace and Disarmament? 
In Chapter II we have shown that from the standpoint of the 
promotion of the People's interest — the welfare of humanity, 
it is practicable. 

Why have the German and the Austro-Hungarian govern- 
ments refused to enter into an international agreement for per- 
manent peace and disarmament? Because of the certain 
injuries to those who now are the ruling few in these countries 
should the Socialist Party in each of these countries become the 
ruling power, as it might possibly have done had there been a cessa- 
tion of attention from outside politics. But our plan of govern- 
ment for the United States of Europe supplies protection from 
the errors in the Socialist Theory. 

There being, then, a practicable system of government 
for the United States of Europe and of the World, it 
follows that it should be applied, rather than that there 
should be continued the principle that mlght makes 
Right, accompanied with Militarism and at any time a 
possible War. 



18 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

The welfare of the German people themselves will be promoted 
by the establishment of the United States of Europe and of the 
World. The system will be an improvement, a benefit to all. 

How can we help to install this vast improvement? By 
spreading a knowledge of the facts. Ideas rule the world. 

At present very, very few people know the real facts in the 
case. We, the people of the countries not at war, should become 
thoroughly familiar with the plan for the United States of 
Europe and of the World. In proportion as this is accomplished 
there will follow an expression of opinion favorable to the immediate 
stopping of the war on the proposed basis. Thus by spreading 
a knowledge of the facts in the case we can help to ter- 
minate the war, and by so doing can help to prevent the 
success of Militarism and Conquest. 

It follows that the thing to do is to stop being pro=Ally 
or pro=German and present the Peace Plan. It is favor= 
able to both sides. The presentation of this plan chal= 
lenges attention and opens the way to the consideration 
of a practical way to help stop the war. We do not ask 
that the Allies shall win, or that the Germans shall win, 
but that an immediate cessation of the war shall come 
about as the outcome of the presentation of this sensible 
plan. 

Freedom Throughout Europe. 

Along with the idea of the establishment of the United States 
of Europe, with its permanent peace and disarmament, there 
bursts upon our view a practicable plan for freeing such of the 
people of Europe as are held as vassals — political slaves, the 
people of Alsace and Lorraine, of Poland and the rest of the 
Slavs outside the Balkan States, also the Italians in Austria. 
Up to the present time and as long as Might is to make Right the 
necessity for military strength will compel the governments in 
Germany, Austria-Hungary, France, Italy, Russia and the rest 
of Europe to do whatever will make them the most formidable in war; 
that is, they will be obliged to sacrifice freedom for safety. 



WORLD PEACE IS PRACTICABLE. 19 

But along with the acceptanance of the idea of abolishing war and all 
need for preparing for war, freedom wile at once result for 
Each nationality. The Germans will not consent to be in- 
jured by the presence of Polish controversies, or controversies 
with the rest of the Slavs or with the Hungarians and the Italians. 
Each nationality will wish to trade with every other nationality 
but will desire to live peaceably by itself. The center of interest 
will have passed from the necessity for combining against would- 
be murderers to competition in trade. Everything will center 
upon that, along with the study of how to protect the citizens 
of one state from the lower standards of other states. But it 
can all be worked out peaceably. 

Proposed Peace Terms. 

In view of the tremendous advantages to be gained from the 
proposed change, both sides in the present conflict can well 
afford to agree to exceedingly reasonable terms. The ruling 
few among the German Allies, together with the rest of the peo- 
ple in those countries, can get protection from the Socialists 
(page 9, above) and achieve their ideal of becoming the equal of 
Great Britain on the seas, with no possible danger to them- 
selves from the Slavs. The German efficiency in industry will 
have a free field unhampered by the cost of military armament. 
That should satisfy the Germans. 

The Allies, too, can get what they want. They can get 
permanent peace and disarmament, with no possible danger to 
the source of their food supplies. The people of France can 
protect their high standard of living, keeping out whatever 
classes of immigrants they may decide upon. They will receive 
back into the national family such portions of Alsace and Lor- 
raine as freely choose to come with them. The people of Italy 
can receive back the provinces wrung from them by Austria- 
Hungary and forthwith reduce their military expenses. The 
Balkan States will be able to stay apart and develop normally, 
each with suitable sea ports. The Russian Government will 



20 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

be free from the menace of German Militarism, and, being no 
longer obliged to plan for military strength, can go ahead and 
develop Federal Government, entirely relieved of danger from 
the Socialists. Then the people of Finland can be granted the 
powers which Militarism has caused to be kept from them. 
Each subdivision of the vast Russian territory can be developed 
in a manner befitting its stage of development, the same as is 
being done in the British territory. 

Thus every group of people in Europe will be benefited by 
the establishment of the European Peace Council, compulsory 
to all the powers now at war, and permanent. By introducing 
our plan for protection from the Socialists, the United States 
of Europe becomes practicable, both for the German Allies and 
for Russia. Although the deluded Socialists would thunder 
at the combination, the advances under Liberal Government 
have become so great that the present-day Socialists would soon 
turn their attention toward helping to get reforms instead of 
fighting the patriots who are securing them. Thus the Social- 
ists would become Reformers and so merge into the Liberal 
parties. If they will organize within the Liberal parties and 
question candidates for the needed "next steps" they will 
become exceedingly helpful. 

In order that peace terms along the lines indicated shall 
actually be taken up by the German Government, it should 
realize, as it doubtless does, that all the world outside of the 
three oligarchies that compose the Central Powers are in self- 
defense opposed to the success of Militarism and Conquest;* 
including World Dominion in the German Government, similar 
to the power exercised by the Roman Government in ancient 

*For example, on August 16, 19 15, the National Liberal party of Ger- 
many, through its executive committee in the Reichstag, declared as follows: 

"The outcome of the present war can only be a peace which, expanding 
our frontier east, west and overseas, will protect us militarily, politically 
and economically, against new attacks and compensate us for the enormous 
sacrifices which the German nation already has made and is determined 
to continue until a victorious conclusion." 

Complete confidence in Ernest Basserman, leader of the National Liberal 
party, was expressed and an announcement was made that the party would 



WORLD PEACE IS PRACTICABLE. 21 

days,f and that all of the world outside the three Oligarchies 
realizes the importance of "hanging together" at this time and 
so avoid "hanging singly" later. Already some 850,000,000 
people are banded together as the Allies to prevent the success 
of the 150,000,000 of the German Allies and Turkey ; and back of 
the Allies are the factories and the granaries of the rest of the world. 
There can be but one ultimate outcome. The world is to pass into 
an era of World Peace and Disarmament. The sensible thing to 
do is to recognize it and stop the war — stop killing the people, 
besides impoverishing those who are left. Each minute of this 
war results on the average in the death of four men. In twelve 
months something like 2,000,000 men have been butchered, and 
5,000,000 wounded. 21,000,000 men are said to be in the field. 
All of this is horrible beyond words to express. Its continuance 
is entirely unnecessary if the two sides will but see that the 
United States of Europe is to be established and that it will 
protect mankind from the Socialists. 

In view of the certainty that Militarism is to be terminated 
with this war, the Congress of the United States will surely take 
active steps toward the needed United States of the World. 
While some of the bankers and other moneyed people in this 
country are cooperating with the Allies in financing the necessary 

stand solidly back of any government pursuing with unbending firmness the 
aims outlined in the resolutions, which were adopted with only two dis- 
senting votes. 

Of course the Conservative and the Clerical parties are for conquest. 

The foregoing announcement by the so-called liberals was followed by 
the presentation of memorials in the same strain by six industrial organi- 
zations "representing the politically powerful reactionary agrarians or 
junkers, and also the highly centralized influences of the mighty industrial 
concerns, including at least a portion, if not all, of the Krupp interests." 
This statement is by Karl H. von Wiegand in a press dispatch of August 
20 and he characterizes the demand as being for "wholesale annexation." 
jWorld Dominion. 

Under reactionary influences the governmental power centralizes, 
inevitably, and the ruling few are self-assertive and arrogant. For example, 
in the Washington Post under date line of September 2, 191 5, the following 
appeared: "An authoritative, though unofficial, statement from the Ger- 
man Embassy to-day is * * * That the Allies can at this time estab- 
lish a peace by agreeing * * * 3. That the Jews of all countries be 



22 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

loans as long as the Oligarchies continue to fight, Congress 
should do whatever will best promote the establishment of Per- 
manent Peace and Disarmamament — the United States of the 
World. 



Chapter V. 
EXPERT OPINION. 

In Chapter I we have shown that both the Liberal and the 
Conservative parties in Great Britain are agreed that perma- 
nent peace shall be established. Here in the 
1 ne art United States we are not so unanimous. Former 
President Taft and more than one hundred others 
have formed the American Branch of the League to Enforce 
Peace. This organization proposes that the states of the world 
shall continue as independent powers, armed in whatever 
manner they think best. The proposed enforcement of peace is 
merely to compel the states to not declare war until at least one 
year shall elapse from the time that notice of a forthcoming 
war shall be issued, and at all times an armament may be built 
up. Details are at page 14, above. 

That plan is impracticable as compared with the program 
declared for by the Allies. The Taft plan is the Conservative 
Plan, a plan aimed to continue the existence of Independent 
States — Anarchist States. The Taft plan is the last ditch 

unequivocally accorded their inalienable rights as human beings." Note 
that the proposal is that" all, countries" are to become vassals of the German 
Government if it wins. 

In the words of the Italian Prime Minister, Antonio Salandia, in the 
capitol of Rome, June 21, 1 915, in reply to the Emperor of Austria and the 
German Chancellor: "I am speaking from the Capitol and in this solemn 
hour do represent the People and the Government of Italy, I, a modest 
burgess, feel myself nobler far than the Head of the Hapsburgs. (Cries of 
Bravo! and loud cheers.) * * * I must say, in the name of my country 
no vassalage; no protectorate under any one. The dream of universal 
hegemony [over-lordship] has been shattered. The whole world is risen 
up against it. The peace and civilization of humanity must in the future 



EXPERT OPINION. 23 

of the conservative forces. Compare the following utterance 

by other leading statesmen in these United States: 

On February 16, 1915, the board of trustees of the Carnegie 

Endowment for International Peace, Washington, 

Carnegie d. C, issued a two-page statement the last half 
Trustees. , , . , 

of which says : 

" It seems incredible that after this the stricken people [of the 
world] will set their feet in the same old paths of policy and sus- 
picion which must lead them again to the same result. 

"Finding expression through a great multitude of voices every- 
where the general public opinion of mankind should influence the 
minds of the negotiators who settle the terms of peace and inspire 
them to a new departure; in the establishment of justice 

AS THE RULE OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS. 

"While we must not be overconfident of our individual qualifi- 
cations to point out the detailed methods through which the 
result may be accomplished, we may still advocate measures 
which seem practicable and appropriate to the purpose. 

"WE CAN SEE THAT DEFINITE RULES OF NATIONAL CONDUCT 
SHOULD BE AGREED UPON; THAT A COURT OF COMPETENT JURIS- 
DICTION SHOULD BE ESTABLISHED TO JUDGE OF NATIONAL CON- 
FORMITY TO THOSE RULES | AND THAT NEW SANCTIONS SHOULD BE 
PROVIDED TO COMPEL RESPECT FOR THE JUDGMENTS RENDERED. 

[A United States of the World.] 

"Above all the motive and spirit of the new institutions 
should be clearly and fully, not the promotion of ambi- 
tion or the extension of power, but the safeguarding 
of human rights and the perfection of individual liberty. 

[The PEOPLE IN CONTROL.] 



be based on respect for existing nationalities (loud cheers), among which 
Germany must take her seat as an equal and not as a mistress." (Loud 
cheers.) 

Professor George Trumbull Ladd, of Yale University, says: "What, 
then, is the supreme issue in the war in Europe? It is nothing less than 
this: Whether a Representative Democracy or a Military Autocracy shall 
be dominant in Europe and the Near East, and so most aggressive and 
influential over the whole civilized world; whether the national 
existence of the weak shall be defended, or mighty empires shall trample 
them under their feet. Shall the triumph go to the cause which, with 
whatever deficiencies at present and faults and crimes in the past, on the 
whole stands for government of the people, by the people, and for the 
people; or shall victory 'perch on the banners' of the two nations of Central 
Europe whose monarchs still claim to rule over the people by Divine right, 



24 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

"Toward this high end the courage and hope and conviction 
of the humblest citizen of the most distant land may contribute. 

Joseph H. Choate James L. Slayden 

Andrew D. White John Sharp Williams 

John W. Foster Charles L. Taylor 

Elihu Root Henry S. Pritchett 

Luke E. Wright William M. Howard 

Charlemagne Tower Cleveland H. Dodge 

Robert S. Woodward Robert A. Franks 

Austen G. Fox George W. Perkins 

Jacob G. Schmidlapp Nicholas Murray Butler 

Thomas Burke Andrew J. Montague 

Robert S. Brookings Arthur William Foster 

Oscar S. Straus James Brown Scott." 
Samuel Mather 

This is a glorious statement! All that is lacking is the use 
of the words which we have placed in brackets. 

After Theodore Roosevelt had been awarded the Nobel Peace 
prize, he at an address in Sweden, May 5, 19 10, said: 

"The supreme difficulty in connection with developing the 
T . , peace work at the Hague arises from the lack of 

D , any executive power, of any police power, to 

Roosevelt. enforce the decrees of the court." 

He also is being quoted as saying: 

"The futility of international agreements in great crises has 
come from the fact that force was not back of them. What is 
needed in international matters is to create a judge and then to 



as the vice regents of God. and responsible to Him alone, empowered and 
determined to enforce their will by an army of conscripts whose allegiance 
is claimed as primarily due to them as persons, rather than due as free citi- 
zens to the defense of the country, whose control remains both theoretically 
and actually in the hands of the citizens themselves? 

Later he states that "Russia is now fighting and suffering to deliver 
Europe and the world at large from the spread by force of a military and 
undemocratic imperialism." For a time during September, iQi5,a Liberal 
Duma existed in Russia. 

Professor Ladd continues: "Now when the question is put in this way 
there can be little doubt how the American public ought to answer it." 

The German Government has actually commenced to apply its 
laws within our territorial area. The German consul at Philadelphia, 
Dr. George Stobbe, has admitted that he has issued a warning to the 
Orenstein-Arthur-Koppel Company, an American firm incorporated under 



EXPERT OPINION. 25 

put power back of the judge. The policeman must be put back 
of the judge in international law just as he is back of the judge 
in municipal law. The effective power of civilization must be 
put back of civilization's collective purpose to secure reasonable 
justice between nation and nation. We must labor for an inter- 
national agreement among the great civilized nations which shall 
put the full force of all of them back of any one of them, and of any 
well-behaved weak nation which is wronged by any other power." 

President Emeritus Eliot has expressed himself as follows : 

"There can be no secure peace in Europe until a federation 
of the European States is established, capable of 
making public contracts intended to be kept and 
backed by an overwhelming international force 
subject to the orders of an international tribunal." 



President 
Eliot and 
Others. 



Says Congressman F. O. Smith, of Maryland, in a speech 
before the House of Representatives: "All the peace that ever 
existed within any nation is compulsory; it would not last five 
minutes were it not for the presence of the executive power 
with its well-filled store of powder and ball. It is inconceivable 
how universal peace could exist without a similar executive power 
strong enough to beat down all opposition and compelled by 
self-interest to maintain peace." 

Professor Irving Fisher, of Yale, says: "The term 'inter- 
national law' is really a misnomer. To be real, a law implies 

the laws of the United States, but composed largely of Germans, that they 

WILL BE HELD ACCOUNTABLE BY THE KAISER'S GOVERNMENT IN THE EVENT 
OP THEIR FILLING AN ORDER FOR RAILROAD SUPPLIES TO THE RUSSIAN 

Government. That is, if they render any assistance to a foreign power 
at war with Germany they will be liable to punishment for treason — 
punishment by the death penalty or imprisonment at hard labor for life or 
a term of years if the German Government can get hold of them. 

Similar warnings have been sent from Germany to German societies in 
this country. 

While the present claim is that the German laws apply in this country only 
to German subjects, it is reported that most of The Germans who have 

BECOME NATURALIZED IN THIS COUNTRY ARE STILL CONSIDERED BY THE 

Kaiser's Government as its subjects. {Washington Post, Sept. 5, 1915, 
p. 1, editorial section.) This is directly opposed to the American law which 
obliges each person naturalized to renounce his allegiance to every other 
sovereignty. Should the German Goovernment win in this war it doubtless 



26 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

enforcement. At present we have no international law because 
we have no international force." ("After the War, What?") 

This writer further says : " It may be difficult for us to admit 
the fact, but if our forty-eight states, instead of having a Federal 
Government, had each its own independent government and 
military, we should find ourselves in the same situation as 
Europe. There would inevitably be increasing armies, oppres- 
sive taxation, and eventual war. 

"The family of nations in Europe cannot live together in 
peace unless they govern themselves. They lack government, 
precisely as the gold miner in California in the 50' s lacked 
government. Here were a number of selfish men suddenly 
brought into close proximity without any government. The 
consequence was that each had to carry firearms. Then vigi- 
lance committees were improvised, and later a stable govern- 
ment brought disarmament. In the beginning each individual 
was sovereign; but he soon found it profitable to surrender part 
of his independence to secure protection. The nations need to 
protect themselves from themselves. We might well write over 
the parti-colored map of Europe: Wanted, an International 
Government. Only such a government, or at any rate some form 
of international bond, bids fair to cure the disease." 

In the Congress of the United States the following-named 
members have introduced resolutions asking for the establish- 
ment of International Government that shall provide for 

would more and more assert that its laws apply in the United States and 
other lands. 

Ambassador Dumba of Austria-Hungary publicly asserted the same ex- 
traordinary principle as to citizens not yet naturalized and the United 
States Government asked that he be recalled. 

A TENDENCY TO WORLD DOMINATION HAS BEEN AND IS TO-DAY THE IMPE- 
RIAL German characteristic. While the Kaiser was on his trip to Jeru- 
salem he, at Damascus, November 7, 1908, proclaimed himself the protector 
not only of the barbarous Turks but of the whole Mohammedan world, most 
of which is under the British and Russian flags. Three years earlier, while 
Russia was prostrated from her defeat by Japan and internal revolution was 
being waged the Kaiser suddenly landed in Morocco, wherein Russia's ally, 
France, together with Spain, were dominant, and declared the Sultan to be 
an independent sovereign in whose lands all powers were on the same foot- 



EXPERT OPINION. 27 

permanent peace: Senators Robert L. Owen, Robert M. La 
Follette, John F. Shafroth, and Francis G. Newlands; Repre- 
sentatives Richard Bartholdt, Charles F. Curry, Robert H. 
Gittens and Walter L. Hensley. 

Suggestions for an International Constitution have been 
proposed and published by Dr. C. F. Taylor of Philadelphia. 
{Equity, Oct., 1914; Philadelphia American, Dec. 20, 1914.) 

The Women's Peace Party of the United States declares for : 

"5. Democratic control of foreign policies. 

******* 

"8. Action toward the gradual organization of the world to 
substitute Law for War." 

The proposed stage of unification in Europe must come some 
time owing to the fact that Development — Evolution — is taking 
place. The establishment of the reign of Inter- 
Kant s national Law in Europe and throughout the world 
rorGcast 
I7qo ' is as certain as that the sun is to continue to rise. 

More than a century ago it was outlined in detail 
by that noted philosopher, scientist and humanitarian, Im- 
manuel Kant. A translation in English of his writings on this 
subject entitled Eternal Peace is published by The World Peace 
Foundation, Boston; 179 pages. An introduction by Edwin 
D. Meade brings the points together and gives other valuable 
data. 

ing. This was merely the excuse for serving France with an ultimatum to 
withdraw from her partnership with Great Britain. France was not 

STRONG ENOUGH TO RESIST GERMANY IN ARMS AND HER PRIME MINISTER, 

M. Delcasse, who had brought about the alliance, resigned. 

The same self-assertive spirit and disregard of treaty rights has prevailed 
in the Austro-Hungarian oligarchy. In 1908 it, backed by the Kaiser, 
without consulting the European Concert which by treaty in 1878 had fixed 
the relations in Southeast Europe, announced the annexation of Bosnia and 
Herzegovina. Great Britain protested and Serbia and Montenegro talked 
of going to war. The dispute continued for some months when the Kaiser 
dramatically ended it by presenting an ultimatum to Russia that unless 
she at once desist from her support of Serbia and accept the situation 
Germany would at once mobilize against her. Russia was in no position 
for war and was compelled to assent. This was in 1909. Two years 
later, in the Agadir incident, the Kaiser again gave an ultimatum to France 



28 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

The factor that is bringing about the United States of the 
World is the people's coming into power. Kant had observed 
the workings of the people's self-government in the United 
States and foretold that the spread of the system would result 
in a United States of the World. He tells us that in war it is 
the people who are killed, and, therefore, that as quickly as the 
people get control of most of the leading governments their self- 
interest will put an end to war. That principle is operating just 
as surely as does the law of gravitation. 

Kant further points out that where the Few are in power they 
declare war and largely escape its horrors, frequently being not 
even interrupted in their festivities. 

The United States of the World is practicable because of 
the Federal System of Government. That mechanism is the 
basis of human liberty. Through it the people 
Ine in a community can govern themselves in local 

affairs while cooperating in self-government in the 
county, the state, and the nation, and now there is to be estab- 
lished the United States of Europe and the United States of the 
World. Through these institutions, the capstone of the Federal 
system, the people of Europe and of the world are to become 
self-governing, limited at the start to the delineating of inter- 
national rights and the peaceful settlement of international dis- 
putes. For more than one hundred years we here in the United 
States of America have been using the Federal system in inter- 
national affairs, at present the territorial area being more vast 
than all Europe, and now the system is to be extended and com- 

that she recede from her alliance with Great Britain, but both countries 
stood firm and a war council at the Kaiser's palace decided that Germany 
was not ready for war and she receded. For the first Time the Kaiser 
had TO BEAT A retreat. His previous action had raised up against him 
a coalition and he was not sufficiently prepared to fight it. Then followed the 
election in Germany in 1911-1912^ which the Socialist- Liberal combination, 
exasperated by the extortions perpetrated by the Conservative and Clerical 
Government, elected a majority in the Lower House, followed by the Lib- 
erals becoming frightened by the plans of the Socialists and withdrawing 
from the partnership, going over to the Kaiser, followed by the enactment 
of laws vastly increasing the armament and then the starting of the 
foreign war. (International Year Book for 1912-1913, titles Germany 
and Socialism.) 



EXPERT OPINION. 29 

pleted. The whole broad earth is to be lapt in universal law. 
Tennyson wrote those words in 1842, at a time when Kant was 
widely read. 

But in Tennyson's vision he foresaw that the old system 
would end in war. He speaks of "the nations' airy navies 
f grappling in the central blue, . . . with the 
Tennyson s stan( j ar ds of the peoples plunging thro' the thunder 
storm ; till the war drum throb 'd no longer and the 
battleflags were furled in the Parliament of man, the Federation 
of the world." 

Furthermore, Tennyson foresaw that it would be as Kant had 
predicted, under the People's rule. The poet's words are: 

"There the common sense of most shall hold a fretful realm 
in awe, 
And the kindly earth shall slumber lapt in universal law." 

Since the outbreak of the war and the splendid response of 
the British oversea Dominions and Colonies, the self-interest 
of the people of the British Isles has caused their 
Federal Government to notify the Premiers of the self- 

bystem ror g 0vernm g people that they will be consulted when 
Britain *he time comes that peace terms are to be agreed to. 

More than that, that they will be consulted "per- 
sonally if possible;" which means that they probably will be 
invited to visit Europe and sit in the European Council that 
shall decide upon the precise terms. 

After this promise had been publicly stated in England, last 
May, the Conservative leader in a speech shortly afterward 
declared that he hoped and believed that when the war should 
end that it would be possible to form a real Parliament of the 
British Empire. 

The following month the Liberal Government invited the 
Canadian Premier, Mr. Borden, to come to London and become 
a member of the Cabinet. He accepted. 

Still another month later and the Rt. Hon. T. P. O'Connor, 
of the British Parliament, in a special cable to America stated 
that Borden's presence in the London Cabinet denoted a tre- 
mendous change in the system of government, and that in Parli- 



30 ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 

ament a majority in both of the parties were agreed that the 
Federal system should be completely established — a parlia- 
ment for the Empire, and a parliament for England, another 
for Scotland, still another for Wales, in addition to the one 
already provided for Ireland, which includes proportional 
representation. Thus one-quarter of the globe's area is to at 
once become the United States of Great Britain provided the 
outlying states of Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South 
Africa consent, as they undoubtedly will. They unquestionably 
will reserve to themselves, however, the right to restrict immi- 
gration, and, doubtless, they will reserve the right to regulate 
imports and exports. Evidently the judgment of the people's 
representatives in the British Isles is that the Federal System of 
Self -Government is ideal. 

In the London Times of June 17, 1915, a leading article 

says: The outcome of the war must be to "put an end 

to the notion of world=powers alto= 

United States gether. . . . It must be fought on 

of Europe our s ^ e m *- ne hope of a future 
United States of Europe and, further, 
of a United States of the World. And we must believe 
ourselves, and make our belief plain to others, that we 
hold our empire in trust for that future, using it now 
with all its reserve power against any nation that aims 
at predominance, but not ourselves wishing to gain any 
predominance through the exercise of that power." 



ANTHEM TO THE WORLD STATE 

Dedicated to Robert Browning Settlement, Walworth, London, S.E- 

God make the World one State ! One World, one destiny : 

All nations, small and great, One Race, one family : 

One civic whole ! One God above ! 

Self -ruled each people be! All States upheld in one, 

All peoples linked and free ! All laws excelled in one, 

Glorious in unity All lives impelled by One, — 

From pole to pole! One Life, One Love. 



ALLIES PLEDGED TO A UNITED STATES OF EUROPE. 31 



Chapter VI. 
ANSWER TO AN OBJECTION. 

The inquiry has been made: Will it be right to attempt to 
regulate the struggle for existence and survival of the fittest 
in the manner proposed? 

We answer that the proposal to establish the United States 
of Europe and of the World is to prevent the waging of war — the 
butchery of the human race, and the piling up of costly, and, 
in that case, worse-than-useless armament. Each of the other 
forms of competition will continue much as before. Whichever 
nation is most efficient will be able to sell abroad except as lim- 
ited by protective tariffs. Immigration will continue except 
as the people of a country desire to shut it out. There are 
many thinly settled countries where the governments are 
inviting foreigners. 

The history of mankind shows that progress results in the 
shutting out of the less and less desirable forms of competition. 
It used to be that each vessel owner was at liberty to capture 
other vessels and kill the owners, kill the passengers and kill 
the crew. The time came when that kind of competition was 
shut out. Duelling has been declared unlawful and an adequate 
police force attends to the enforcement of the law. The next 
step is to declare war to be unlawful and to provide adequate 
regulations for its enforcement. The Allies are demanding it, 
and so should the rest of mankind. 

For further details concerning the evils of war consult the 
writings of David Starr Jordan, President of Leland Stanford 
University. Professor William James in his miscellaneous 
writings tells of the various fields of work outside of war where 
courage is being developed. 



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